JPEG-based Image Compression Technology

January 2, 2010 by Luigi Rosa 
Filed under: Image processing 
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JPEG is a standardized image compression mechanism. It stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the committee that wrote the standard. JPEG is designed for compressing either full-color or gray-scale images of natural, real-world scenes. It works well on photographs, naturalistic artwork, and similar material; not so well on lettering, simple cartoons, or line drawings. JPEG is a lossy compression algorithm, meaning that the decompressed image isn’t quite the same as the one you started with. JPEG is designed to exploit known limitations of the human eye (more about this later), notably the fact that small color changes are perceived less accurately than small changes in brightness. A useful property of JPEG is that the degree of lossiness can be varied by adjusting compression parameters. This means that the image maker can trade off file size against output image quality. The code we have developed includes:

  • Color space transformation between RGB and YCbCr
  • Quantization
  • Optimized encoding

The JPEG compression algorithm is at its best on photographs and paintings of realistic scenes with smooth variations of tone and color. For web usage, where the bandwidth used by an image is important, JPEG is very popular. JPEG is the most common format saved by digital cameras. On the other hand, JPEG is not as well suited for line drawings and other textual or iconic graphics, where the sharp contrasts between adjacent pixels cause noticeable artifacts. Such images are better saved in a lossless graphics format such as TIFF, GIF, PNG, or a raw image format. JPEG is also not well suited to files that will undergo multiple edits, as some image quality will usually be lost each time the image is decompressed and recompressed (generation loss). To avoid this, an image that is being modified or may be modified in the future can be saved in a lossless format, and a copy exported as JPEG for distribution.

Index Terms: Matlab, source, code, JPEG, image, compression, DCT, quantization, coding, encoding, decoding, color, conversion.

Figure 1. JPEG image

A simple and effective source code for JPEG Image Compression.

Demo code (protected P-files) available for performance evaluation. Matlab Image Processing Toolbox is required.
Release
Date
Major features
1.0

2008.12.24

We recommend to check the secure connection to PayPal, in order to avoid any fraud.
This donation has to be considered an encouragement to improve the code itself.

JPEG Image Compression – Click here for your donation. In order to obtain the source code you have to pay a little sum of money: 35 EUROS (less than 49 U.S. Dollars).
Once you have done this, please email us luigi.rosa@tiscali.it
As soon as possible (in a few days) you will receive our new release of JPEG Image Compression.

Alternatively, you can bestow using our banking coordinates:

Name :
Luigi Rosa
Address :
Via Centrale 35 67042 L’Aquila Italy
Bank name:
Poste Italiane
Bank address:
Viale Europa 190 00144 Roma Italy
IBAN (International Bank Account Number) :
IT-50-V-07601-03600-000058177916
BIC (Bank Identifier Code) :
BPPIITRRXXX

The authors have no relationship or partnership with The Mathworks. All the code provided is written in Matlab language (M-files and/or M-functions), with no dll or other protected parts of code (P-files or executables). The code was developed with Matlab 14 SP1. Matlab Image Processing Toolbox is required. The code provided has to be considered “as is” and it is without any kind of warranty. The authors deny any kind of warranty concerning the code as well as any kind of responsibility for problems and damages which may be caused by the use of the code itself including all parts of the source code.

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